Fishing Effectiveness of Fixed Lift Nets with Multi Color LED Combinations

— This study aims to analysis at the composition of fish catches and the fishing effectiveness of fixed lift nets fitted with LED lights of varying color combinations. This research was carried out from May to June 2019, located in the waters of Pangkajene Regency and the Islands. Two fixed lift nets units, 16 white light Emitting Diode (LED) lights and 16 pairs of white blue and yellow combination lights, Global Positioning System (GPS), Stop watch, Digital scale, Digital camera, Logbook, Meter, Current meter, Thermometer, Refractometer, and Lux meter. The research method used in this study is Experimental fishing in fixed lift nets fishing operations using LED lights. Experimental research of white and white combination LED light color (control), and blue, white and yellow LED light color (Treatment) used in 2 fixed lift nets. The fixed lift nets used is 15 meters long and 15 meters wide with a height of 25 meters from the seabed to the top pole with a building height of 10 meters above sea level. The data collection technique was carried out by following directly the catching operation of two fixed lift nets with different color combinations of lights. The data collected is the position of the fishing ground and catch data. Data analysis was carried out qualitatively and quantitatively. Qualitative analysis by looking at the technical aspects of operations on the fixed lift nets and data tabulation. Quantitative analysis was carried out using statistical methods and comparison of fish catches using two treatments using LED light colors. The results show that the composition of fish catches using color combinations (white, blue and yellow) shows higher yields when compared to white. The composition of the catch in the fixed lift nets is divided into three groups, namely the main catch (main catch), bycatch (bycatch) and discarded catch (discard). The use of a combination of LED lights on the fixed lift nets got a catch of 1,347.21 Kg, while the use of white LED lights got a catch of 906.21 Kg. The difference between the catches of the two treatments was 441 kg or 49% of the fish caught using white LEDs. From these results it can be concluded that the use of color combinations of LED lights is more effective than the use of white LED lights.


I. INTRODUCTION
The development of the current fishing business in Indonesia can be said to be increasing rapidly, in (Baskoro et. al. 2011) revealed that one of the rapidly increasing developments is in fishing technology using light, fishing technology using a lot of light in Indonesia itself is widely used. in lift net and purse seine fisheries.
In the eastern region of Indonesia, in general, one of the fishing gears that is widely used by fishermen is the lift nets.
Lift nets fishing gear is a fishing tool that uses light as a lure to attract fish so they can gather in a place or area from a fixed lift nets for easy catching, generally using light tools on the fixed lift nets is used to catch pelagic fish.
In the classification, the fishing gear is grouped in the category of lifting nets. The main part of the lift nets fishing gear is made of bamboo and has a net that can be raised and lowered during the fishing process. This fishing gear that collects small pelagic fish is a fishing gear that utilizes the positive phototactic properties of fish (BBPPI 2007

II. RESEARCH METHOD
This research was carried out from May -June 2019, located in the waters of Pangkajene Regency and the Archipelago, with the coordinates of the fishing base 04º50'55.7" South Latitude -119º30'56.4" East Longitude and fishing ground 04º48'21.5" South Latitude -119º 27'056 and 04º49'22.5" South Latitude -119º 27'10.5º. Around the fishing ground there are two islands, namely Bangko Island -Bankoang and Kulambing Island, where these two islands are all inhabited as can be seen in Figure  1.

Fig.1: Research site
The tools and materials used in this study are instruments that support the retrieval of research data. The tools and materials used and their uses can be seen in Table 1.

Data Collection Technique
The data collection technique was carried out by following directly the capture operation of two fixed lift nets with different color combinations of lights. The data collected are as follows:

Position of the fishing ground
The position of the fishing area is taken using a GPS (Global positioning system) at each fishing group. Data collection on the position of the fishing ground is done to determine the location of the fixed lift net.

Catch data
Counting the number of catches on two fixed lift nets with different color combinations of LED lights. This is done to determine the number and composition of catches in two color combinations of LED lights.

Data Analysis
Data analysis was carried out qualitatively and quantitatively. Qualitative analysis by looking at the technical aspects of operations on the fixed lift net and data tabulation. Quantitative analysis was carried out using statistical methods and comparison of fish catches using two treatments using LED light colors. usually discarded by fishermen. The limited space for fish storage is also a factor in the fish being discarded. To see the composition of the catch can be seen in Figure below. Bycatch (kg)

Fig.3: (a) Catch composition using combination color LED (b) catch composition using white LED
The total main catch on the fixed lift net using the LED color combination is more than the percentage of the main catch in the fixed lift net using the White LED. With a total percentage of 82% and on the white LED by 80%. Judging from the bycatch, the percentage of the total catch is greater in lift nets that use White LEDs by 17% and in fixed lift nets with LED color combinations by 15%. Meanwhile, the percentage of catches and discharges between the two lift nets is the same as the total percentage of 3%.

The Effectiveness of Using a Combination of LED Lights
The use of assistive devices in the form of lights is now widely used by fishermen, especially for fixed lift net fishermen in Pangkep Regency. Based on the results of the study, it was reported that it showed that electric lights were effective in attracting the attention of fish around the lift net (Ta'ladin, 2000). In this study, the lamp used is a type of Light Emitting Diode (LED). The effectiveness of catching fish using fixed lift net fishing gear in Pangkep Regency can be seen from the catch produced with two combination treatments of LED and white lights. In the previous discussion, it has been explained that there are significant differences in catches. The use of a combination of LED lights on the fixed lift net got a catch of 1,347.21 Kg, while the use of white LED lights got a catch of 906.21 Kg. The difference between the catches of the two treatments was 441 kg or 49% of the fish caught using white LEDs. From these results it can be concluded that the use of color combinations of LED lights is more effective than the use of white LED lights.
Differences in catches on fixed lift nets that use color combinations, namely the blue color which is suspected to be supporting the number of catches on the step-by-step fixed lift nets that uses color combinations, blue lights have a low wavelength so that their penetrating power in waters is very deep research conducted by Amos, CT (2019) which states that blue light has a low wavelength so that its range is very far in the water. This light is able to attract small pelagic fish and demersal fish. This allows greater opportunities for fish at more distant locations to respond to light to attract and congregate in the catchable area of the fixed lift nets.
In addition, Aliyubi FK et al. (2015) said that the use of light colors on fixed lift nets will certainly affect the fish caught. The theory from several previous studies shows that white and red lights do not provide maximum results compared to other light colors such as blue and yellow.
The next question is whether the use of white LED lights has been effective?. This study is also in accordance with several previous studies that examined differences in catches on fixed lift nets with different LED colors. Sudirman (2003) said that the color of the light greatly affects the total weight of the fish caught. From the results of research by Gustaman (2012), the use of blue lights has an effect on the catch of some demersal fish. Furthermore, Gustaman said that the distribution of demersal fish such as petek is also the most caught in the use of blue light because the light has a strong penetrating power in the waters. This indicates that the total catch on fixed lift nets with LED color combinations can be caused by the use of blue LED lights in combination to reach fish in deeper waters and collect fish to the fixed lift nets catch area.

IV. CONCLUSION
The composition of fish catches using color combinations (white, blue and yellow) shows higher yields when compared to white. The composition of the catch in the fixed lift nets is divided into three groups, namely the main catch (main catch), bycatch (bycatch) and discarded catch (discard). The use of a combination of LED lights on the fixed lift nets got a catch of 1,347.21 Kg, while the use of white LED lights got a catch of 906.21 Kg. The difference between the catches of the two treatments was 441 kg or 49% of the fish caught using white LEDs. From these results it can be concluded that the use of color combinations of LED lights is more effective than the use of white LED lights.