Maize Production and Climate Variability: Evidences from Haryana

DOI: 10.22161/ijeab.106.2

Abstract:
This paper examines the influence of climatic factors—rainfall, temperature, and humidity—on maize production in Haryana, India. The study also explores how enhancing maize productivity can contribute to achieving several Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly those related to food security, sustainable agriculture, renewable energy, and water conservation. Using secondary data for the last ten years and applying multivariate regression and deviation analysis, the study assesses how variations in climatic conditions affect maize yield in Panchkula district, the major maize-producing region of Haryana. The results show that among the three climatic factors, rainfall had a relatively greater influence on maize yield, though none of the factors were found to have a statistically significant effect during the study period. These findings underline that while climate variability does not directly determine yield outcomes in every season, rainfall patterns remain a key driver of maize productivity. The study suggests that adopting climate-resilient farming practices, efficient water-use technologies, and improved maize varieties can help stabilise yields and enhance farmers’ income. Such measures would also support India’s broader developmental goals by promoting sustainable agriculture and strengthening rural livelihoods within the SDG framework.

Keywords:
Maize, Climate Variability, Rainfall, Sustainable Development Goals, Haryana

Article Info:
Received: 05 Oct 2025; Received in revised form: 03 Nov 2025; Accepted: 09 Nov 2025; Available online: 16 Nov 2025

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